Tag Archives: hydrogen

Decentralization, LENR and Blockchain Technology

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LENR.  Blockchain.  These are two odd words many people have probably never heard of before and certainly not in the same conversation.  However, in an ironic twist of fate, the two of them may depend upon one another in a new era of decentralization.
LENR is short for Low Energy Nuclear Reactions or Lattice Enabled Nuclear Reactions or a host of other acronyms which have come to symbolize what was once referred to as Cold Fusion.  All essentially represent the heretofore unexplained phenomenon where purported anomalous and excess amounts of heat are generated when a stimulus is applied to certain transition elements which have absorbed isotopes of hydrogen.
The blockchain has become synonymous with Bitcoin, the cryptocurrency of choice for those investing and using digital currencies in commerce.  However, there are hundreds of these digital coins and tokens in use and they are all run by a backbone of distributed databases which are used to maintain a continuously growing list of records, called blocks.  This is the blockchain.  The records are permanent, decentralized, public and irreversible.  The blockchain is maintained by nodes of processors running the calculations that create the never-ending creation of new blocks.  The energy consumption for these processors is growing daily as the blockchain grows in popularity.
LENR, revered as the cheapest and cleanest energy source, has been plagued by three constant issues – centralization, censorship and a lack of funding.  In a centralized world where energy and valuable and useful information is stored on private servers, corporations are incentivized to hoard experimental data in order to profit from it.  However, this mindset has inhibited the growth of LENR technology as this hoarded institutional knowledge is lost when funding or patience runs out.  Each successive LENR experimenter faces the same challenges and issues as their predecessor, causing advances in the field to only be incrementally gained.
Blockchain technology empowers its users by decentralizing information, providing a prosperous ecosystem for like-minded individuals and now an ingenious means for funding through ICOs (initial coin offerings).  By using the Ethereum platform, users can build an ecosystem that is decentralized, free from censorship, free from value-sapping middlemen and a means to transfer value.  By issuing their own token or coin, a group has the potential to raise millions of dollars in funding without having to engage brokers or venture capitalists.  This brings about several intended benefits.  Used as a deflationary currency, as the ecosystem gains in popularity, the limited supply of tokens will rise in value, benefiting the ecosystem as a whole and not just a few centralized players.  Those who CREATE the value will be directly compensated.
Decentralization and blockchain technology will disrupt more than just our centralized economies.  It has the ability to empower and give real value to the efforts of artists, creators, experimenters and anyone else who is willing to provide value in the ecosystem of your choice.  Plans for local energy distribution will become more common with blockchain capabilities and LENR, advanced by the technology itself, may be relied upon to meet the insatiable demands for powering the blockchains.
Swarm.City, debuting its Boardwalk platform on June 15, 2017, will be the first truly decentralized peer to peer sharing economy, enabled by the SWT token, running on the Ethereum blockchain.  It will be a watershed moment in decentralization and may be the first time the common person realizes a benefit from the blockchain running in the background.
 
 
 

A New Source of Energy Using Low-Energy Fusion of Hydrogen

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A new paper from Ed Storms, Research Scientist, with LENRGY, LLC, a Santa Fe, New Mexico company, has been published in Environmental Science: An Indian Journal.
Received: March 06, 2017; Accepted: March 19, 2017; Published: March 22, 2017
Citation: Storms E. A New Source of Energy using Low-Energy Fusion of Hydrogen. Environ Sci Ind J. 2017; 13(2):132.
Abstract:  This paper describes the claim for energy production based on the so-called cold fusion effect. Reasons are given to explore this energy source based on the need for such clean energy and the observed behavior. Chemical energy alone has powered civilization until relatively recently when nuclear fission power based on uranium became available. Efforts are now underway to go the next step on this path using nuclear sources by harnessing the fusion of hydrogen. The first attempt using the so-called hot fusion method has not been successful in producing practical power. Furthermore, the required generator is expected to be impractical as results of its complexity and size even after the many engineering problems are solved. Perhaps a different approach is needed. Fortunately, a new method to cause fusion using a simpler method was recently discovered; only to be widely rejected because it conflicts with what is known about nuclear interaction. This paper addresses this issue by summarizing some of the evidence supporting such a novel fusion reaction.

Toyota and Nissan Participating in Japanese LENR Research

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New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), a Japanese government research and development agency, has teamed up with two auto manufacturers and four universities to study LENR applications. The participants in the government-sponsored program include Technova, a division of the Toyota Motor Corp., Nissan Motor Co., and Tohoku, Kyushu, Nagoya and Kobe Universities.
Interim Report for the period of H-27 (2015) to H-28 (2016) on
R&D Subject: Advanced Research Program for Energy and Environmental Technologies
/ Phenomenology and Controllability of New Exothermic Reaction between Metal and Hydrogen
Outline of Project:
This NEDO-MHE (metal hydrogen energy) project aims at verification of the new exothermic reaction of nano-metal hydrogen gas systems and clarification of development subjects for the next stage national project, by the following works:
1) Installation of a new precise calorimetry system in Tohoku University and confirmation of the new exothermic reaction by it.
2) Evaluation of the new exothermic phenomena between nano-metal and hydrogen gas from various analysis angles of co-operating experimental works of 6 collaborated parties (Technova Inc., Nissan Motors Co., Tohoku U., Kyushu U., Nagoya U, Kobe U.) .
3) Feasibility study on realization of commercial energy devices and status study on world- wide works.
4) To hold the leading R&D committee in every two months to discuss status results academically and strategically.
Brief Summary of Implemented Works:
1) A design was made for new MHE calorimetry facility by improving/adding temperature sensors, heat flux estimation, and oil cooling parts to the basic Technova-Kobe MHE experimental system, aiming at more precise calorimetric evaluation of proposed MHE sample runs. In the reported period, we have finished ordering necessary components/parts, and some have been already delivered to Tohoku University for the system assembling to be started in April 2016.
2) By using the existing MHE experimental system at Technova-Kobe U in Fukae Campus, examination works have been done with two typical MHE samples (PS3=nanoPd/mesosilica and PNZ3=Pd1Ni7/ZrO2) to carry out multi-angle analyses on excess heat phenomena which are difficult to explain by ordinary chemical reactions.
Discussion has been done for preparing next samples for MHE examination. Kyushu University and Nagoya University are independently making own designed nano-metal samples. These samples will be tested in May and July 2016.
3) Survey works on world-wide works on anomalous excess heat phenomena by various methods are underway, for understanding current status of technological developments.
4) Leading R&D Committee meetings: The first LRDC meeting was held at Technova on February 5 2016 with attendees from 6 parties, NEDO members and an external science monitor.
Presentations on analyses of No.1 co-operational experiment with PS3 sample were made by 6 parties, and development status of each party was reported. Some hot discussions were exchanged on experimental data and future planned works. LRDC will be held in every two months.

The Hydrino

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We’ve post a few articles on Randell Mills and Brilliant Light Power, formerly Black Light Power and the hydrino theory.  If their reported progress is real, Mills and BLP may indeed be the most promising alternative energy to watch.
LENR may be tangental to Mills’ research or perhaps the LENR effect is being confused with the waste heat produced by Mills’ hydrino formation theory.  The basic theory is that through a chemical reaction, a hydrogen atom can be altered to a different state where the electron drops into a lower energy state and the resulting excess binding energy is released as light and x-rays which can be harvested through photovoltaic cells.

Making Metallic Hydrogen at Harvard

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Nearly a century after it was theorized, Harvard scientists have succeeded in creating metallic hydrogen. In addition to helping scientists answer fundamental questions about the nature of matter, the material is theorized to have a wide range of applications, ranging from room-temperature superconductors to powerful rocket propellant.
Breakthroughs such as this may be a sign of things to come regarding research into condensed matter and nuclear reactions with hydrogen at the atomic level; including LENR and other metallic lattice assisted nuclear reactions (LANR).

Airbus Files More LENR Patents

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Airbus continues to position itself for the application of LENR technology by applying for two additional patents.  In 2015, Airbus also published a patent for LENR power generation.
The first is for: Material arrangement for fusion reactor and method for producing the same:
“A material arrangement for a fusion reactor comprising at least one material which is configured as a foam-like carrier material for condensable binding and fusing of hydrogen. The carrier material is provided with positively charged vacancies for condensing hydrogen atoms, small pores for receiving the condensate and for accelerating the condensation after previous penetration of atoms or molecules into these, and large pores for transporting a catalyst into the small pores. Furthermore, a method for producing the material arrangement is disclosed.”
The second application is for Method and Apparatus for Generating and for Fusing Ultra-dense Hydrogen:
“A method for generating and for fusing ultra-dense hydrogen in which molecular hydrogen is fed into at least one cavity and catalyzed, where the splitting and subsequent condensation of the molecular hydrogen is initiated on a catalyst of the cavity to form an ultra-dense hydrogen. The ultra-dense hydrogen is exposed to pressure or electromagnetic radiation to initiate fusion of the ultra-dense hydrogen in the at least one cavity and the reaction heat is led out from the at least one cavity. The pressure as mechanical resonance or the electromagnetic radiation as electromagnetic resonance amplifies the field and therefore the effect. Also, an apparatus for carrying out the method is disclosed.”

Brillouin Energy Announces Breakthrough

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Berkeley, California  January 05, 2017

Researchers at SRI International are reporting that they have successfully replicated “over unity” amounts of thermal energy (heat) for Brillouin Energy Corporation’s most advanced Isoperibolic (“IPB”) Hydrogen Hot Tube™ (HHT™) reactor test systems based on controlled low energy nuclear reactions (“LENR”). Researchers at SRI conducted a series of third-party tests of Brillouin Energy’s IPB HHT™ LENR reactor test systems from March to December 2016. Dr. Francis Tanzella, principal investigator and Manager of the Low Energy Nuclear Reactions Program, was assigned to SRI’s testing of Brillouin Energy’s LENR systems and conducted all of the third-party validation work.

In its Interim Progress Report, SRI summarizes its extensive testing of five identical Brillouin Energy metallic reactor cores, which produced the same over-unity controlled heat outputs, turning the reaction heat on and off repeatedly. “Brillouin Energy appears to have achieved its most groundbreaking test results to-date,” the Report states.

Data from the SRI International test runs show LENR heat outputs up to several watts were repeatedly produced from positive coefficients of performance (COPs) in the range of 1.2X to 1.45X. The Report continues that LENR heat being independently validated with positive COPs is significant: “The LENR coefficients of performance (COPs) may be considered low and small scale however, it would be a mistake to discount them, in light of the accuracy of their calorimetry, the consistent repeatability of their production, their controllability, and the reproducibility and refinement of their manufacturing techniques, specifications, and components, all leading to the same repeated results. Moreover, the transportability of the system is another remarkable achievement”.

“By using standard industrial manufacturing processes for our reactor test systems, we have identified an engineering pathway for manufacturing Brillouin Energy’s IPB HHT™ reactor prototypes,” said Robert Godes, Chief Technology Officer and Co-Founder of Brillouin Energy Corp.

In 2017, Brillouin Energy will continue to work with SRI International in the testing process to help it to engineer and develop its IPB HHT™ reactor test systems, with the goal of evolving them towards LENR prototype equipment systems, which potentially may generate commercial scale LENR Heat on demand for industrially useful applications.

“We are on the cusp of a new era of cheap, abundant and reliable power from LENR technologies, at a time when the United States and many other countries are re-defining their commitments to mitigate the impacts from climate change,” said Robert W. George, Chief Executive Officer, Brillouin Energy.

Brillouin Energy’s LENR technology includes a proprietary method of electrical stimulation of nickel-metal conductors using its Q-Pulse™ control system. The process stimulates the system to produce LENR reactions, which generate excess heat and helium. The excess heat produced is a product of hydrogen and a nickel-metal catalyst. The Q-Pulse™ control system stimulation is the key to maintaining the reaction. Other than the heat output, there are no (zero) toxic or CO2 emissions of any kind.

The SRI Interim Progress Report summarizes all of the data and conclusions from SRI International’s nine months of testing of Brillouin Energy’s IPB HHT™ LENR reactor systems. To view the Report, visit http://brillouinenergy.com/science/experimental-results/.

About Brillouin Energy:
Brillouin Energy is a clean-technology company based in Berkeley, California, which is developing, in collaboration with Stanford Research International (SRI), an ultra-clean, low-cost, renewable energy technology that is capable of producing commercially useful amounts of thermal energy from LENR. For more on Brillouin Energy, please visit http://www.brillouinenergy.com.

About SRI International
SRI International (http://www.sri.com) creates world-changing solutions making people safer, healthier, and more productive. SRI, a research center headquartered in Menlo Park, California, works primarily in advanced technology and systems, biosciences, computing, and education. SRI brings its innovations to the marketplace through technology licensing, spin-off ventures and new product solutions.

Texas Tech to Study and Engineer LENR

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The Texas Tech University’s website for the Board of Regents agenda book for December 11-14, 2014 had the following entry:
Center for Emerging Energy Sciences (CEES), Office of the Vice President for Research; establish a center which will initially bridge physics and chemistry in the scientific exploration for the origin of the Anomalous Heat Effect (AHE). Once the origin of the AHE is established, this center’s effort will shift toward energy engineering, with engagement with mechanical and electrical engineering. This highly focused effort will involve close collaborations with ENEA (Ente Nazionale per l’Energia Atomica), the National Energy and Environment Laboratory of Italy, and with a contract to a scientist who will soon retire from Stanford Research International (SRI) in Palo Alto, CA.
Speculation is that Michael McKubre is the unidentified retiring scientist from SRI. Dr. McKubre is world-renowned for his research in LENR over the past few decades. Robert Duncan formed the Sidney Kimmel Institute for Nuclear Renaissance (SKINR) at MU, which was empowered by a major gift from Sidney Kimmel. He created the Center for Emerging Energy Sciences (CEES) at TTU in 2015. Both CEES and SKINR seek to understand the origins of the Fleischmann Pons Anomalous Heat Effect (AHE) in certain metals that are loaded with hydrogen isotopes.
Source http://www.e-catworld.com/2015/01/16/robert-duncan-starting-center-to-investigate-lenr-at-texas-tech-mckubre-to-join/

Water Splitter Developed With Nickel and Iron

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Scientists at Stanford University have developed a low-cost, emissions-free device that uses an ordinary AAA battery to produce by water electrolysis. The battery sends an electric current through two electrodes that split liquid water into hydrogen and oxygen gas. Unlike other water splitters that use precious-metal catalysts, the electrodes in the Stanford device are made of inexpensive and abundant nickel and iron.
Read more at: http://phys.org/news/2014-08-scientists-splitter-ordinary-aaa-battery.html#jCp

New Brillouin Energy Patent

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We’ve written several articles on Brillouin Energy and its founder, Robert Godes.  Based in Berkley, California, this company continues to make great progress with very little fanfare. Robert Godes has the industry’s most credible LENR theory, Dr. McKubre of SRI has stated Brillouin is the closest organization to commercializing an LENR product, and Godes has engineered an ingenious nickel-based wet and dry boiler system that drives the underlying physics of LENR.

“Robert {Godes} can hold his own again the top physicists in the industry, as well as chemical engineers and nuclear engineers, and he can blow them all away.” – Robert “Bob” George
The Godes-Brillouin Theory is based on a controlled electron capture reaction.  Hydrogen is loaded into a nickel matrix where an electronic pulse (Q-pulse) is passed through the system, resulting in a compressed lattice within the constrained system.  Mass is created and a proton is converted to a neutron, causing a tremendous loss of energy in the system.  Godes describes this process as a “nuclear freezer.”  Protium is converted to deuterium, deuterium is converted to tritium and tritium is converted to quatrium, resulting in a net energy out as the quatrium rapidly beta decays and Helium-4 and heat is released into the system.
Key to the Brillouin system is the use of proprietary electronics and controls designed by Robert Godes, an inventive electrical engineer.  Interestingly, a patent was recently issued to Brillouin Energy Corporation and published on January 7, 2014 for a high-speed gate switching system.  Referred to as a Gate Hyperdrive system, it reportedly improves the efficiency of any conventional electronically controlled electric motor, inverter or other power conditioning equipment by about 25%.

Abstract
Techniques for overcoming many of the speed limitations of switching a gated device while protecting the device from damage provide a dynamic driving voltage to the gate of the device being switched. This dynamic voltage provides a way to overcome the complex impedances between the drive point and the actual gate allowing faster switching speeds. This dynamic driving voltage is provided by starting with a fixed amount of charge at a higher initial potential. The fixed charge and voltage are chosen so as not to exceed the device’s specified maximum gate current or the device’s maximum voltage between the gate and the source (punch-through voltage).

Brillouin expects to develop a system that can return 10 watts of thermal energy for every 1 watt of input electrical energy.  If successful, this technology could be tremendously disruptive in the fossil fuels energy industry.